OARS
Newsletter From Safe Lanes
April 2024 / Issue 06

From the Editor’s Desk

Maritime ship safety

Maritime industry has undergone significant changes in the past few decades. However, certain concerns have continued to challenge the industry. Ensuring the safety of ships and their crew members is paramount. Ship safety encompasses a wide range of factors, including proper maintenance of vessels, adherence to safety regulations, effective communication among crew members, and implementation of emergency response protocols. By prioritizing ship safety, maritime organizations can mitigate risks, prevent accidents, and protect the lives of those on board.

One of the significant threats to ship safety is maritime piracy, which continues to pose a serious problem in various regions around the world. Piracy incidents, including hijacking, armed robberies, and vessel attacks, not only endanger the lives of crew members but also disrupt maritime operations, leading to financial losses and potential environmental damage.

To combat maritime piracy, industry stakeholders have adopted a range of safety measures, including the deployment of armed guards on vessels, implementation of vessel security plans, cooperation with international naval forces, and adherence to best practices in piracy prevention.

In addition to addressing the immediate challenges posed by maritime piracy, maritime organizations must also focus on implementing long-term safety measures to enhance the resilience of their operations. These measures may include investing in advanced navigation technologies, conducting regular safety drills and training sessions for crew members, integrating security assessments into risk management practices, and collaborating with industry partners to share information and best practices.

By adopting a proactive approach to ship safety and piracy prevention, maritime organizations can safeguard their assets, protect their personnel, and ensure the continued viability of the global maritime trade network.

On The Inside Pages
Mental well-being at sea

Prioritising Mental
Well-being at Sea

Modern day piracy

Modern Day Piracy:
Are we prepared?

Maritime cyber security

Staying secure in
the era of Connectivity.

EU ETS

EU-ETS: Towards a Safer,
Greener & Efficient Future.

Around The Globe

Prioritising
Mental Well-being at Sea:
Navigating Towards a Healthier Horizon

Author Ian Collins is an expert in Human Factors as well as Mental Well-being.

In the vast expanse of the ocean, where the horizon stretches endlessly, the life of a seafarer unfolds—a life distinct from any other, marked by unique challenges and experiences. While the maritime industry is pivotal to global trade, the backbone of this industry, our seafarers, often navigate not just the seas but also a sea of mental and emotional challenges. Recognising and addressing the importance of mental well-being in this context is not just beneficial; it's essential for the safety, efficiency, and resilience of our maritime workforce.

Understanding the Unique Challenges

Life at sea is characterised by long periods away from home, isolation, rigorous work schedules, and the constant need to adapt to changing conditions. These factors can significantly impact the mental health of seafarers, leading to feelings of loneliness, stress, anxiety, and even depression. The unpredictable nature of maritime life, coupled with limited access to healthcare services, exacerbates these challenges, making mental well-being a critical area of focus.

The Ripple Effect of Mental Well-being

The mental health of seafarers has a profound impact not just on their own lives but also on the overall safety and productivity of maritime operations. A seafarer in good mental health is more alert, focused, and capable of making sound decisions—key attributes for safety at sea. Conversely, compromised mental well-being can lead to decreased concentration, reduced motivation, and impaired decision-making, increasing the risk of incidents and errors.

Strategies for Enhancing Mental Well-being

Open Communication Channels: Encouraging open and supportive communication onboard can significantly reduce feelings of isolation. Regular check-ins and creating an environment where seafarers feel comfortable sharing their concerns are vital.

Access to Mental Health Resources: Providing access to mental health resources, such as counselling services, stress management programs, and self-help tools, can equip seafarers with the means to manage their mental health effectively.

Promoting Social Connectivity: Facilitating social activities and interactions onboard can help build a sense of community and belonging, crucial for mental well-being.

Work-Life Balance: Ensuring that seafarers have adequate rest periods and opportunities for recreation is essential for maintaining a healthy work-life balance.

Training and Awareness: Educating seafarers about mental health issues, signs of mental distress, and coping mechanisms can foster a more supportive and understanding work environment.

A Collective Journey

The journey towards improved mental well-being at sea is a collective one, requiring the commitment of maritime companies, ship operators, and the seafarers themselves. By prioritising mental health, we not only enhance the quality of life for our seafarers but also contribute to the overall safety, efficiency, and sustainability of maritime operations.

In recognition of these challenges and our commitment to the holistic well-being of our seafarers, we are proud to announce our partnership with Well-being Daily, a leader in the field of mental health and well-being. This collaboration underscores our dedication to providing our seafarers with the best resources and support systems to navigate the mental and emotional demands of their roles.

Well-being Daily's expertise in delivering comprehensive well-being programs is aligned with our vision to create a healthier, more supportive maritime community, where every seafarer's mental health is prioritised alongside their physical safety.

As we navigate the vast oceans, let us remember that the well-being of our seafarers is the true compass guiding us towards a healthier, more resilient maritime community. Together, we can chart a course towards a future where mental well-being is held in the same regard as physical safety, ensuring that every seafarer returns home not just safe but also sound in mind and spirit.

Topic In Focus:

Maritime cyber security and connectivity

Staying secure in
the era of connectivity.

Capt. Parveen Ahlawat, Marine Quality Analyst at Safe Lanes, ponders over the threats posed by the modern day cyber attacks and the effective way to place preventive barriers against the same.

Apart from physical threat to shipping, cyber crime is recognized as one of the most significant threats any company would face in the next decades.

Cyber incident poses a major risk to the maritime sector, which might lead to severe consequences in terms of human casualties, economic and environmental ramifications.

Maritime professionals expect disruptive incidents in the coming years, including impacts as serious as the closure of major ports and waterways.

By now major companies have clearly defines threats to their Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT) systems and trying to maintain an air gap between them, however this air gap is now closing as industry assets and infrastructure become more networked and connected. In turn, the attack surface is widening as potentially vulnerable protocols, interfaces and communications channels come on stream.

Major dimensions that influence maritime cyber security performance are:
  • Regulatory Framework
  • Company Procedures
  • Shipboard Systems Readiness
  • Cyber Training and Awareness
  • Compliance Monitoring
  • 'Human Factor' at an Internal Operational Level

So far if a shipping company has invested enough in their systems, by now they have targeted KPIs on first 5 dimensions, how about the last factor, Human factor, the most important one at the operational level.

We believe that success relies on drilling the message into employees on a regular basis. To do that, every person should receive basic cyber-security education alongside routine training on board.

Maritime leaders have long asserted that work is never so important that it cannot be carried out safely. For decades, employees have been encouraged to stop work and blow the whistle if they believe that safety protocols are being neglected. In our view, a similar mantra should be adopted for cyber security.

Better communication around the risk – ensuring that cyber, operational and leadership teams are all 'talking the same language' when it comes to the threat in OT environments – is a pre-requisite.

To further professionalize their approach, maritime businesses could seek to clarify cyber roles and responsibilities across the enterprise, while enabling system owners to manage the risk from a multi disciplinary team.

This is how you can contribute to ensuring safe cyber practices:

Email cyber security

You should always:

  1. Verify the email address before clicking on the links.
  2. Be vigilant about domain names and spellings.
  3. Refrain from accessing links from an unknown source.
Network security

Trffic Interception can be prevented by:

  1. Using a personal firewall
  2. Keeping antivirus software updated
  3. Using a virtual private network (VPN)
  4. Avoiding public wi-fi networks
  5. Adopting strong passwords

As an individual, one can take some simple measures to avoid falling prey to cyber attacks. Remember, often times, just one tiny window is enough to enter and attack the whole system.

Topic In Focus:

EU-ETS

Towards a Safer, Greener and Efficient Future.

Achieving cost effective reductions in GHG Emissions is a priority for the maritime industry and dedicated efforts have been in place for nearly two decades. EU-ETS, the European Union Emission Trading System, a 25 year plan is now in its last phase. Prayas Joshi, Marine Quality Analyst at Safe Lanes, takes an overview of the new developments.

European Union- Emission Trading System (EU-ETS)

Maritime transport is vital for the EU economy and highly efficient, yet it poses a significant and growing challenge as a source of greenhouse gas emissions.

To significantly cut down on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from international shipping & combat climate change effective global measures are needed.

It is an essential instrument for achieving cost-effective reductions in greenhouse gas emissions & holds the distinction of being the world's inaugural major carbon market and continues to be the largest.

Introduced in 2005, the EU ETS functions through different trading phases, currently being in its fourth phase from 2021 to 2030.

The legislative framework guiding this system is detailed in the ETS Directive. Over time, the EU ETS has undergone various revisions to synchronize the system with the broader climate targets of the European Union.

The EU's legislative bodies have endorsed a modification of the EU ETS directive, incorporating shipping into the program from 2024.

Emissions trading programs consist of two primary components:

  • Imposing a cap on pollution.
  • Allocating tradable allowances matching the cap, granting holders the authority to release a specific quantity (e.g., one ton) of the pollutant.

By adhering to this cap, entities can ensure they meet their environmental objectives. The tradable allowances offer flexibility, allowing individual emission sources to determine their compliance strategy.

The acquisition and surrendering of emission allowances within the EU ETS can incur considerable expenses for shipping companies.

This is expected to influence pricing and other contractual terms among various parties throughout the value chain, including charterers and cargo owners.

The EU ETS has proven to be an effective initiative in safeguarding nature, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and fostering competition among operators/managers to operate their ships in a more environmentally friendly manner.

Green maritime shipping and sustainability
Image courtesy: ICCT

A Safer, Greener &
Efficient Maritime Future

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining efficient maritime operations is an important part of building a more sustainable shipping industry.

Views from the Safe Lanes

The Commonly Found
Safety Concerns Onboard

SAFETY REDFLAGS
Safe use of stairs onboard
!
When going up/down the stairs, keep at least one hand free to hold the railings. Numerous accidents have happened when a person was carrying objects in both hands.
Helmet chin strap safety
!
Never use a helmet without a chin strap. If chin strap is not in use, helmet may get knocked off upon impact with an obstruction or when you fall/slip.
Windlass operating safety
!
Operating lever gagged by rope to run the windlass without the operator in attendance. This is a dangerous practice and can lead to serious accident.

MY SAFETY MOMENT: Learning on the job!

As a young boy hailing from a small town in central India, my encounters with rivers were few, perhaps only five or six times in my life. The sea, however, remained a distant legend, as I harboured a dream of joining the Merchant Navy and navigating the oceans.

And indeed, dreams can come true. I embarked on my first voyage, commencing my sailing career in the embrace of the sea, under the guidance of excellent superiors. It was early autumn of 2011 when I boarded my first vessel, the "MV Pacific Ruby".

Back then, ships didn't have access to the internet, and smartphones felt like a distant and unimaginable concept. The internet lacked the abundance of videos and extensive information that we experience today.

We were fortunate to have a highly experienced veteran Captain who was well-versed in all required maritime skills. He was dedicated to instructing us and ensuring comprehensive onboard training, ensuring that all necessary tasks were completed. We considered ourselves fortunate and privileged to sail alongside him.

We were two cadets on board, with my fellow being senior to me by 10 days. Having been raised in a competitive environment and influenced by peer pressure, I consistently found myself in a state of competition, always endeavouring to prove my superiority.

Competition permeated nearly every aspect: completing tasks promptly, responding swiftly to orders, and ensuring top-notch work quality.

Within just a few days, driven by a sense of competition, whenever a senior officer called upon me, I would eagerly spring into action and run as if I were on a marathon track, with the allure of shining gold awaiting me.

C/O: Cadet, please come in.

Me: Replying, Sir.

C/O: Come to the forward station.

Me: Copy that, Sir. On my way!

And I began hurrying from the accommodation area to the forward station. The captain, clad in his gleaming white boiler suit, noticed this and called out to me.

Captain: Hey! Why are you always in a rush?

Me: Good afternoon, Sir. The C/O asked me to report to the forward station.

Captain: Look over there (pointing to the starboard side main deck), there are many obstacles. This is your first ship, and ships sometimes roll. So, there's a risk of slipping, tripping, and falling.

You could get injured. And we don't have professional doctors or medical aids onboard a ship. Yes, we're trained, but we're not experts.

So, I'm imparting a lesson to you for your entire career at sea. People often say 'Work Smartly', but I'm adjusting it for you as 'Don't just work smartly; instead, walk smartly while you're on board.'

Be observant, vigilant, and avoid injury. Always prioritize safety. Also, watch a safety training video on 'Personal Safety onboard.'

Me: Thank you, Sir. I'll always remember this and complete the training at the earliest opportunity.

Captain: Good. Carry on with your duties.

I can still hear him saying 'Don't just work smartly; instead, walk smartly while you're on board.'

This lesson guided me throughout my maritime career. I've sailed for 12 years and been fortunate to have never faced any injuries.

This was an initial, significant, and pivotal safety lesson of my maritime career, which played a crucial role in ensuring safety throughout.

“Don't just work smartly; instead, walk smartly while you're on board.”

Facts that we need to Understand

Let's deep dive into understanding the basics of Human Factors with this simplified table. SIRE 2.0 demands integration of Human Factors and is crucial for better results in the future.

Mistakes People will make mistakes.
Intent People's actions:
  • Are rarely malicious, &
  • Usually make sense to them at the time
External Conditions &
Systems
Mistakes may be due to conditions and systems that make work difficult.
A large majority of the Incidents are caused by Systemically Driven Problems*

Difference between an ERROR & a VIOLATION

Error

An action or inaction that unintentionally:

  • Results in an undesirable or unwanted condition, OR
  • Leads a task or system outside of limits, OR
  • Deviates from a rule, standard or expectation.

Violation

An action or inaction that intentionally deviates from a rule, standard or expectation.

Types of Errors:
Active Error
An action or inaction that results in immediate consequence.
Latent Error
An action or inaction that results in consequences that are delayed.
*If we do not align our framework in line with the above facts, we would continue to think that people CAUSE incidents, BUT THEY DO NOT.
HUMAN FACTORS IN MARITIME

Our Human Factors training courses catering to all personnel, on shore and onboard.

SENIOR LEADERSHIP
WORKSHOP
  • OCIMF Paper on Human Factor Management Self-Assessment (TMSA Element 14)
  • Human Factor Concepts
  • Introduction to E-colours (Human Behaviour & Psychological tool to improve communication skills)
  • Understanding Errors, Violations, Deviations, & Events
  • Deviation Analysis
Duration: 1 Day
THE HUMAN
FACTOR
  • Human Factor Concepts
  • Understanding to E-colours
  • Integration & Implementation of Human Factor Concepts
  • Monitoring of Human Factor
  • Training & Integration within the company
Duration: 3 Days
HUMAN FACTOR
CHAMPION
  • Human Factor concepts
  • Understanding to E-colours
  • Implementation of Human Factor Concepts
  • Human Factor Integration within company
  • Processes & Activities
Duration: 1 Day
FRONTLINE PERSONNEL
HUMAN FACTOR AWARENESS
  • Human Factor Concepts
  • Understanding to E-colours
  • Human Factor Integration
  • Within onboard Processes & Activities
Duration: 1 Day
FIND OUT MISSING PIECES OF YOUR

SAFETY MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM WITH OUR
SIRE 2.0 GAP ANALYSIS

Gap analysis is a tool that can help accelerate growth, efficiency and excellence. With the introduction of SIRE 2.0, it is even more important to know where and what improvements are needed.

Our experts help you find out the gaps in your safety management systems and help you achieve optimum compliance with SIRE 2.0.

To know more, reach out to us at: info@safe-lanes.com

SAIL

All Your Data, On A Single Platform
SAIL is an ERP software tool created in-house by Safe Lanes. Developed in accordance with the TMSA Modules, this tool provides strong analytics allowing the user to evaluate performance of the entire fleet.
✓
Developed in accordance
with TMSA Modules
⚡
Designed For
Ease And Speed
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Full Integration Of
Historical Data
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Cloud Based as well as Offline
Ensures Automated Data Upload
⚙
Offers Customisation
For Broader Application

What Does SAIL Do?

Modules Covered
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AUDITS &
INSPECTIONS
TMSA EL 12/12A
!
INCIDENT TMSA EL 8
+
SAFETY TMSA EL 9
Modules in Progress
👥
CREWING TMSA EL 3/3A
⚙
TECHNICAL / PMS TMSA EL 4/4A
↔
MOC TMSA EL 7
✓
SMS TMSA EL 1A